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Shepherd's pie (lamb) or cottage pie (ground/minced beef) is a meat pie with a crust or topping of mashed potato.[1][2][3][4][5]
The recipe has many variations, but the defining ingredients are minced red meat ("cottage pie" refers to beef filling and "shepherd's pie" refers to lamb), cooked in a gravy or sauce with onions and sometimes other vegetables, such as peas, celery or carrots, and topped with a layer of mashed potato before it is baked. The pie is sometimes also topped with grated cheese to create a layer of melted cheese on top.
Contents
1 Etymology
2 History
3 Variations and similar dishes
4 See also
5 References
Etymology
The term cottage pie was in use by 1791,[2][6] when the potato was being introduced as an edible crop affordable for the poor (cf. "cottage", meaning a modest dwelling for rural workers).
The term shepherd's pie did not appear until 1854,[2] and was initially used synonymously with cottage pie, regardless of whether the meat was beef or mutton.[1][4][7][8][9][10][11][12] However, since the 20th century, the term shepherd's pie is used only when the meat is lamb.[13][14][15]
History
In early cookery books, the dish was a means of using leftover roasted meat of any kind, and the pie dish was lined on the sides and bottom with mashed potato, as well as having a mashed potato crust on top.[8][9]
Variations and similar dishes
Other potato-topped pies include:
The modern Cumberland pie is a version with either beef or lamb and a layer of breadcrumbs and cheese on top. In medieval times, and modern-day Cumbria, the pastry crust had a filling of meat with fruits and spices.[16]
In Quebec, a variation on the cottage pie is called Pâté chinois. It is made with ground beef on the bottom layer, canned (creamed) corn in the middle, and mashed potato on top.
The shepherdess pie is a vegetarian version made without meat, or a vegan version made without meat and dairy.[17]
In the Netherlands, a very similar dish called philosopher's stew (Dutch: filosoof) often adds ingredients like beans, apples, prunes, or apple sauce.[18]
In Brazil, a dish called in Portuguese: escondidinho refers to the fact that a manioc puree hides a layer of sun-dried meat. The dish often includes cheese and chicken or cod is sometimes used instead of beef.[19]
A St. Stephen's Day pie is made with turkey and ham.[20]
Fish pie is another part of English cuisine, made of fish and seafood in a sauce, all topped with mashed potato.
In Irish this dish is known as pióg an aoire.[21]
In France a similar dish is called Hachis Parmentier
See also
icon Food portal
Antoine-Augustin Parmentier
Pâté chinois
British cuisine
English cuisine
Hachis Parmentier
Irish cuisine
List of English dishes
List of Irish dishes
List of pies, tarts and flans
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ok?
i want a comprehensive report. minimum thousand words.
or, you guessed it, no pie.
Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 2019-04-17 06:59 by hopkins.